Abstract Summary
Food loss and waste (FLW) quantification provide the basis for city policymakers to develop intervention strategies to valorize the FLW in a city for circularity purposes. The current knowledge on the amount of FLW in the Amsterdam Metropolitan Area (AMA) is still quite limited. Therefore, in this research, we used the data from multiple sources (including primary data, literature data, and data from public databases) to calculate the FLW volume, the associated nutrient losses, and GHG-emission footprints of the FLW by food item category and chain stage. Based on those three key performance indicators, we identified the hotspots of the FLW in AMA, i.e., the food loss and waste streams with the large volumes, rich nutrient values to be recovered and high GHG-emission footprint to be avoided. It has been found that bread at the retail and household FLW are the hotspots based on stream volume and nutrient losses. Animal-based FLW streams are the hotspots for GHG emissions due to the high emission factors.
